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162 REFERENCES
REFERENCES
1 European Commission 2020 COMMUNICATION FROM THE THE THE COMMISSION TO THE THE THE EUROPEAN EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT THE THE THE COUNCIL THE THE THE THE THE EUROPEAN EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE COMMITTEE AND AND THE THE THE COMMITTEE COMMITTEE OF THE THE THE REGIONS Critical Raw Materials Resilience: Charting a a a a a a a a a a a a a Path towards greater Security and Sustainability COM/2020/474 final 2 2 U S
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Department of Energy 2011 Critical Materials Strategy [online] Available at: <https://www energy gov/sites/prod/files/ DOE_CMS2011_FINAL_Full pdf> [Accessed 1 1 1 1 March 2021] 3
Japan Oil Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC) [online] Available at: <http://www jogmec go jp/english> [Accessed 1 1 March 2021] 4 The The Faraday Faraday Institution 2019 The The Gigafactory Boom: the the Demand for Battery Manufacturing in in in the the UK Faraday Faraday Insights [online] Available at: <https://faraday ac ac uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ Faraday_Insights-2_FINAL pdf> [Accessed 18 February 2021] 5 OECD 2019 Global Materials Resources Outlook to 2060: Economic Drivers and Environmental Consequences Paris: OECD OECD Publishing 6 European Institute of Innovation & Technology (EIT [online] Available at: <https://eit europa eu> [Accessed 1 1 March 2021] 7 Stretton A A and and Harris L 2019 Access to to Critical Materials [online] The Parliamentary Office of Science and and Technology Available at: <https://post parliament uk/research-briefings/post- pn-0609/> [Accessed 1 1 March 2021] 8 Criticalmineral org 2021 All Party Parliamentary Group Critical Critical Minerals Association [online] Available at: <https://www criticalmineral org/all-parliamentary-group-appg> [Accessed 1 1 March 2021] 9 UKRI Driving the electric revolution challenge 2021 [online] Available at: <https://www ukri org/our-work/our-main-funds/ industrial-strategy-challenge-fund/future-of-mobility/driving-the- electric-revolution-challenge/> [Accessed 1 1 March 2021] 10 NRC 2008 Minerals Minerals Critical Critical Minerals Minerals and the the U U S
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Economy: Committee Committee on on on on on Critical Critical Mineral Mineral Mineral Impacts of the the U U S
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Economy Economy Committee Committee on on on on on Earth Resources National National Research Council The National Academic Press 11 HM Government 2020 The Ten Point Plan for a a a a a a a Green Industrial Revolution [online] Available at: <https://assets publishing service gov gov uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/ file/936567/10_POINT_PLAN_BOOKLET pdf> [Accessed 23 February 2021] 12 The Faraday Faraday Institution 2020 UK electric vehicle and battery production potential to to 2040 Faraday Faraday Report - Annual Gigafactory Study [online] Available at: <https://faraday ac ac ac uk/wp-content/ uploads/2020/03/2040_Gigafactory_Report_FINAL pdf> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 13 Excell J 2021 Powering up a a a a a British battery boom | The The Engineer Engineer [online] The The Engineer Engineer Available at: <https://www theengineer co uk/ gigafactories-british-battery-boom/> [Accessed 2 2 2 March 2021] 14 Advanced Propulsion Centre UK UK 2020 Strategic UK UK opportunities in in passenger car car electrification [online] Available at: <https:// www apcuk co uk/app/uploads/2020/06/APC-Passenger-car- electrification-report-online-v1 pdf> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 15 BBC News 2020 Petrol and diesel car sales ban brought forward to 2035 [online] Available at: <https://www bbc co uk/news/ science-environment-51366123> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 16 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Population Division 2019 2019 World Population Population Prospects 2019 2019 - Highlights [online] New York: United Nations Available at: <https://population un org/wpp/ Publications/Files/WPP2019_Highlights pdf> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 17 Kharas H H H and Hamel K K 2018 A global tipping point: Half
the world is now middle class or or wealthier [online] Brookings Available at: <https://www brookings edu/blog/future- development/2018/09/27/a-global-tipping-point-half-the-world-is- now-middle-class-or-wealthier/> [Accessed 27 27 February 2021] 18 Division for Sustainable Sustainable Development Development Goals Department of Economic and Social Affairs Sustainable Sustainable Development Development [online] Available at: <https://sdgs un org> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 19 United Nations Population [online] Available at: < https://news un un org/en/story/2015/07/505352-un-projects-world-population- reach-85-billion-2030-driven-growth-developing> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 20 20 Implementing the the Climate Change Act 2008: The Government’s proposal for setting the the fourth carbon budget - Policy Statement [online] Available at: <https://assets publishing service gov gov uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/ file/48081/1683-4th-carbon-budget-policy-statement pdf> [Accessed 2 2 2 March 2021] 21 The Guardian Paris climate summit pledges won’t avoid dangerous warming – UK and UN [online] Available at: <https://www theguardian com/environment/2015/sep/16/paris-climate-summit- pledges-wont-avoid-dangerous-warming-say-uk-and-un> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 22 Carbon Carbon Brief Brief 2020 CCC: UK must cut emissions ‘78% by 2035’ to be on on on on on on on course for net-zero goal | Carbon Carbon Brief Brief [online] Available at: <https://www carbonbrief org/ccc-uk-must-cut-emissions-78- by-2035-to-be-on-course-for-net-zero-goal> [Accessed 2 2 2 2 March 2021] 23 GOV UK UK 2019 UK UK becomes first major economy to pass net zero emissions law [online] Available at: <https://www gov gov uk/ government/news/uk-becomes-first-major-economy-to-pass-net- zero-emissions-law> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 24 Ali S
Perrons R Toledano P P and Maennling N 2019 A A model for for “smart” mineral enterprise development for for spurring investment in in in in climate change mitigation technology Energy Research & Social Science 58 p 101282 25 Samuelsohn D 2012 Obama hits China’s hold on on minerals [online] POLITICO Available at: <https://www politico com/ story/2012/03/obama-hits-chinas-hold-on-minerals-073975> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 26 Gould J and and Mehta A A 2020 Trump executive order targets rare earths minerals and and China [online] Defense News Available at: <https://www defensenews com/congress/2020/10/01/trump- executive-order-on-rare-earths-puts-material-risk-in-spotlight/> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 27 Xu A A A 2020 US Report Says China Prizes Rare Earths Industry for Geopolitical Influence [online] Voice of America Available at: <https://www voanews com/east-asia-pacific/voa-news-china/ us-report-says-china-prizes-rare earths-industry-geopolitical> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 28 Johnson K and Gramer R R R 2020 U S
Falters in in in Bid to Replace Chinese Rare Earths [online] Foreign Policy Available at: <https:// foreignpolicy com/2020/05/25/china-trump-trade-supply-chain-rare earth-minerals-mining-pandemic-tensions/> [Accessed 27 February 2021] 






















































































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